Introduction to Computer| Unit 1 | Class 11

Introduction

A computer is an electronic device that can perform various operations on data to produce meaningful results. It is a highly versatile machine capable of receiving input, processing data, storing information, and generating output in various forms.

In simple terms, a computer is a remarkable electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data while following instructions. It’s a powerful tool with two essential components: Hardware, which includes the physical parts like the system unit, mouse, keyboard, and monitor, and software, the set of instructions that make it function.

Characteristics of computer

1. Speed: Computers are incredibly fast machines. Imagine they can perform 3-4 million simple instructions in just one second! That’s like doing a huge number of tasks in the blink of an eye. Computers work at a speed that is measured in units called Hertz (Hz). There are two main units we use to measure computer speed: Megahertz (MHz) and Gigahertz (GHz).

2. Accuracy: Computers are not only fast but also very accurate. They can perform a large number of tasks without making mistakes. However, it’s important to remember that computers follow the instructions given to them, and if those instructions are incorrect, they will produce incorrect results.

3. Diligence: Computers are incredibly consistent in their work. Unlike humans, computers don’t get bored or tired, which means they can work without losing focus or concentration, even on repetitive tasks.

4. Versatility: Computers are like multi-talented performers, capable of handling a wide range of tasks as long as they can be broken down into logical steps. They can be found almost everywhere, from managing railway and air reservations to handling banking transactions, hotel reservations, weather forecasting, and much more

5. Storage Capacity: Today’s computers are like vast digital libraries capable of storing enormous amounts of data. Once information is recorded or saved in the computer’s memory, it remains there permanently and can be retrieved almost instantly when needed. The storage capacity of computer is measured in terms of kilobyte(KB) Megabyte(MB)k Gigabyte(GB), and Terabyte(TB).The basic units of storage are:

• Collection of 8 bits = 1 BYTE

• 1024 bytes = 1 Kilo Bytes (KB)

• 1024 Kilo bytes = 1 Mega Bytes (MB)

• 1024 Megabytes = 1 Giga Bytes (GB)

• 1024 Giga bytes = 1 Tera Bytes (TB)